Questão 7 (1º dia) da 2ª fase da UNICAMP 2025

Leia o texto a seguir e responda, em português, às perguntas.

In nature, glowing lights are a matter of survival: for fireflies, light attracts mates; for some jellyfish, the lightshows within their tissue-paper membranes shoo off predators.

For certain marine bacteria, making light is the ticket to a cozy home within squids and fish, which use that gifted glow to nullify their moonlit shadows or as a means to catch prey. The light is produced by a chemical reaction within a living organism and requires two unique chemicals: luciferin and either luciferase or a photoprotein. Most organisms with this capacity are found in the ocean, including fish, bacteria, and jellies. Some organisms, including fireflies and fungi, are found on land.

a) Tendo em vista o excerto acima, nomeie e descreva o fenômeno mencionado. Indique um benefício desse fenômeno para cada um dos organismos citados no primeiro parágrafo do texto.

b) Considerando os organismos marinhos mencionados no texto, nomeie e descreva uma relação ecológica harmônica e uma desarmônica.