Questão 6 (Inglês) do ITA 2014

Question

A opção que contém a reescrita correta de “... science was being stifled by militarism or religious fanaticism.” (linha 3) é: Militarism or religious fanaticism

A
were stifling science.
B
had been stifling science.
C
were being stifling science.
D
has stifling science.
E
have been stifling science.

Answer 1

PRÁTICA COM QUESTÕES OFICIAIS

Questão 6 (Inglês) do ITA 2014

Inglês · Inglês: Tempos verbais e verbos modais

Texto-base das questões 01 a 07 · Inglês

As questões de 1 a 7 referem-se ao texto a seguir:

A HISTORY OF PI

The history of Pi, says the author, though a small part of the history of mathematics, is nevertheless a mirror of the history of man. Petr Beckmann holds up this mirror, giving the background of the times when Pi made progress — and also when it did not, because science was being stifled by militarism or religious fanaticism. The mathematical level of this book is flexible, and there is plenty for readers of all ages and interests. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Petr Beckmann was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia, in 1924. Until 1963, he worked as a research scientist for the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, when he was invited as a Visiting Professor to the University of Colorado, where he decided to stay permanently as professor of electrical engineering. Dr. Beckmann has authored 11 books and more than 50 scientific papers, mostly on probability theory and electromagnetic wave propagation. History is one of his side interests; another is linguistics (he is fluent in five languages and he has worked out a new generative grammar which enables a computer to construct trillions of grammatical sentences from a dictionary of less than 100 unprocessed words). He also publishes a monthly pro-science, pro-technology, pro-free enterprise newsletter Access to Energy, in which he promotes the viewpoint that clean energy can be made plentiful, but that access to it is blocked by government interference and environmental paranoia.

BECKMANN, Petr. A History of Pi. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1983.

A opção que contém a reescrita correta de “... science was being stifled by militarism or religious fanaticism.” (linha 3) é: Militarism or religious fanaticism

A
were stifling science.
B
had been stifling science.
C
were being stifling science.
D
has stifling science.
E
have been stifling science.

Escolha uma alternativa para conferir o gabarito.

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Resolução comentada

A frase original está na voz passiva, no past continuous: science was being stifled by militarism or religious fanaticism ("a ciência estava sendo sufocada pelo militarismo ou pelo fanatismo religioso").

Para passar para a voz ativa, siga estes passos:

O agente da passiva (militarism or religious fanaticism) vira sujeito da frase. O enunciado já nos dá esse sujeito.
O sujeito paciente (science) vira objeto: science.
O verbo precisa manter o mesmo tempo, o past continuous, que se forma com was/were + verbo no gerúndio: was/were stifling.
Falta decidir entre was e were. O sujeito é composto por militarism or religious fanaticism, ligado por or. Como o sujeito é plural na ideia (duas forças atuando) e o enunciado pede a concordância com were, a forma que aparece nas alternativas é were.

Resultado: Militarism or religious fanaticism were stifling science.

As demais opções mudam o tempo verbal (had been, have been, has) ou misturam a estrutura passiva com a ativa (were being stifling), o que é incorreto.

Alternativa A.

Por que as outras alternativas estão erradas

BUsa o past perfect continuous (had been stifling), que muda o tempo verbal original.
CMistura a passiva (being) com o gerúndio ativo, formando uma estrutura agramatical.
DHas stifling não forma tempo verbal válido, falta o auxiliar correto e o tempo muda.
EUsa o present perfect continuous (have been stifling), que muda o tempo para o presente.

Assunto: Tempos verbais e verbos modais.

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Fonte: ITA 2014 · Inglês. Prova oficial ↗