PRÁTICA COM QUESTÕES OFICIAIS
Questão 35 (CFS 1) da EEAR 2024
Read the text and answer questions 32, 33, 34, and 35. · CFS 1
The arm of Liberty
Anonymous
The Statue of Liberty is probably the ______ icon of the USA.
(...) When the American Civil war ended, Édouard de Laboulaye wanted to commemorate the end of the slave trade with a gift. He and other people who opposed slavery raised money and hired a sculptor, Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi, to design the Statue. Bartholdi later employed the French engineer, Gustave Eiffel, to devise its structure.
Eiffel designed the Statue to be built around a massive metal skeleton, similar to the Eiffel Tower. In 2018, a map dealer bought some historic papers at an auction in Paris, which included original plans. After special treatment, the papers clearly showed that Eiffel’s plans had been changed by Bartholdi.
(...) We don’t know what Eiffel thought of Bartholdi’s changes. By then, Eiffel was working on other projects, and only his assistants were working with Bartholdi.
(...) At first, visitors could climb a ladder to the torch in Liberty’s arm, but in 1916, there was an explosion on a nearby island. It damaged the Statue and made it unsafe, and the stairway to the torch has been closed ever since. During restoration work in the 1980s, engineers noticed that the structure inside Liberty’s head, shoulders, and arm were different from how they were shown on Eiffel’s plans. They thought that the builders had made mistakes, but some historians believed that Bartholdi had changed Eiffel’s design. The newly discovered papers confirm those theories.
Adapted from https://test-english.com/reading
– Choose the alternative which refers to the pronoun “They” in bold in the text.
- Ahistorians
- Bshoulders
- Cengineers
- Dplans
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Resolução comentada
Pronome de retomada (referente) é a palavra ou expressão que o pronome substitui. Para achá-lo, procure o último sujeito plural mencionado que faça sentido com o verbo da frase.
Veja o trecho: "During restoration work in the 1980s, engineers noticed that the structure inside Liberty's head, shoulders, and arm were different from how they were shown on Eiffel's plans. They thought that the builders had made mistakes, but some historians believed that Bartholdi had changed Eiffel's design."
- A frase anterior tem como sujeito engineers, que "notaram" (noticed) a diferença entre a estrutura e os planos.
- Quem "pensou que os construtores tinham cometido erros" (thought that the builders had made mistakes) foram esses mesmos engenheiros, ao perceberem a diferença.
- Há um contraste com but some historians believed...: os historiadores aparecem depois de "They", como o grupo que pensava de outro modo. Logo, historians não pode ser o referente.
- Shoulders e plans são coisas, não pensam; não combinam com o verbo thought.
Portanto, "They" se refere a engineers.
Alternativa C.
Pegadinha: A alternativa A engana porque historians é o substantivo plural mais próximo depois de "They", mas aparece depois do pronome e em oposição a ele.
Por que as outras alternativas estão erradas
- AOs historiadores surgem depois de "They", em contraste (but some historians), e não são o sujeito de thought.
- BShoulders é parte da estátua, uma coisa que não pode pensar.
- DPlans são os planos de Eiffel, algo que não pensa; aparecem como complemento, não como sujeito.
Assunto: Referência pronominal e pronomes.
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Fonte: EEAR 2024 · CFS 1. Prova oficial ↗